Kelp forests occur in cold, nutrient-rich water and are among the most beautiful and biologically productive habitats in the marine environment. They are found throughout the world in shallow open coastal waters, extending to both the Arctic and Antarctic Circles. Kelp forests grow remarkably fast, up to 30cm per day. The Aleutian Islands of Alaska is a notable area where there is a kelp forest. Kelp forests in the eastern and northern Pacific commonly have complex three-dimensional structure, with many coexisting species.
Foood Weeeb:
Sea otters exert strong control on kelp forest food webs. By feeding upon sea urchins, otters reduce the intensity of grazing and allow kelps to develop dense populations. Sea otters bring urchins, abalones, and other benthic animals to the surface and often smash them on their chests with the aid of a rock.
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